Title : Isolation and characterization of alkaloids from the tertiary alkaloid extract of Papaver umbonatum Boiss. and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant activities
Abstract:
Papaver species are recognized as valuable sources of biologically active alkaloids with diverse pharmacological properties. However, the phytochemical composition and biological activities of Papaver umbonatum Boiss. remain largely unexplored. The present study investigated the alkaloid profile of the tertiary alkaloid extract of P. umbonatum and evaluated its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activities.
Alkaloids were isolated using preparative thin-layer chromatography and structurally characterized by UV spectroscopy and 1H-NMR analysis. Three alkaloids were identified as amurensinine, flavinantine, and O-methylflavinantine. Notably, O-methylflavinantine was detected for the first time within the genus Papaver. The antibacterial activity of the tertiary alkaloid extract was assessed against Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antibiofilm assays, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH free-radical scavenging method.
The extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity with MIC values of 156 μg/mL and 15 μg/mL against E. faecalis and B. subtilis, respectively. Antibiofilm activity was observed at concentrations of 10 mg/mL and 0.625 mg/mL against E. faecalis and B. subtilis, respectively. Furthermore, the extract demonstrated concentration-dependent antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 78 μg/mL in the DPPH assay.
These findings highlight P. umbonatum as a promising source of bioactive alkaloids with antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant properties and support its potential for future pharmaceutical and natural product-based therapeutic applications.
