Hydrogen sulfide and substance P: Novel mediators and therapeutic targets for acute pancreatitis

Title : Hydrogen sulfide and substance P: Novel mediators and therapeutic targets for acute pancreatitis

Abstract:

Acute pancreatitis is a common clinical condition, for which there is no satisfactory treatment available at this time. Excessive systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in acute pancreatitis leads to distant organ damage and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in this condition. Development of in vivo experimental models of acute pancreatitis and associated systemic organ damage has enabled us to study the role played by inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and associated systemic organ damage. Using these models, recent studies have established the critical role played by inflammatory mediators in acute pancreatitis and the resultant MODS. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in cardiovascular, central nervous and gastrointestinal systems and has been shown to act as a vasodilator. We have also shown that H2S acts as a mediator of inflammation. Substance P is an 11 amino acid neuropeptide that is released from nerve endings in many tissues. Subsequent to its release, substance P binds to neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors on the surface of effector cells. Using experimental models, recent studies in our laboratory have established the critical role played by H2S and substance P in acute pancreatitis. Furthermore, early results point to the clinical relevance of this research. Studies with experimental animal models of disease will therefore help define the role of these mediators in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, and can lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for this condition.

Audience Take Away Notes:

• Acute pancreatitis is a common clinical condition, for which there is no satisfactory treatment available at this time
• Research in our laboratory has shown a key role of hydrogen sulfide and substance P as novel mediators of inflammation for acute pancreatitis
• Hydrogen sulfide and substance P can act as novel therapeutic targets for acute pancreatitis

Biography:

Professor Madhav Bhatia heads the Inflammation Research Group in the Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science at the University of Otago, Christchurch. Research in his laboratory has shown hydrogen sulfide and substance P as mediators of inflammation and potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases such as acute pancreatitis, sepsis, burn injuries, and joint inflammation. He has received numerous grants, has authored more than 200 contributions to the peer-reviewed literature, given several invited presentations in different countries and is on Editorial Boards of 46 journals. His publications have been cited more than 16000 times, and he has an "h"-index of 63.