Title : Vaccines against rotavirus, data based on a study for safety and efficacy
Abstract:
Vaccines and vaccination are important for the prevention of infectious diseases. In the history of vaccination, we have savings of lives of people of different ages from children aged 0 days and the very old people. The vaccine against rotavirus: Before using the rotavirus vaccines the situation in the USA was: - 4 or 5 children had symptomatic rotavirus gastroenteritis, - 1 in 7 required a clinic or emergency department visit, - 1 in 70 was hospitalized, - 1 in 200000 would die from this disease, within the first 5 years of life . The cost of the situation was estimated: - 410000 physician visits, - 205÷272 000 emergency department visit and 55- 70000 hospitalizations was estimated to be approximately $ 1 billion. Approximately 20- 60 deaths per year among children aged < 5 years. The situation in developing countries related to rotavirus gastroenteritis continues to be a major cause of severe childhood morbidity, approximately half a million deaths per year among children aged < 5 years [4]. Of the estimated 8.795 million deaths in children younger than 5 years worldwide in 2008, infectious diseases caused 68% (5.970 million), with the largest percentages due to pneumonia (18%, 1.575 million, uncertainty range [UR] 1.046 million-1.874 million), diarrhea (15%, 1.336 million, 0.822 million-2.004 million), and malaria (8%, 0.732 million, 0.601 million-0.851 million). 41% (3.575 million) of deaths occurred in neonates, and the most important single causes were preterm birth complications (12%, 1.033 million, UR 0.717 million-1.216 million), birth asphyxia (9%, 0.814 million, 0.563 million-0.997 million), sepsis (6%, 0.521 million, 0.356 million-0.735 million), and pneumonia (4%, 0.386 million, 0.264 million-0.545 million). 49% (4.294 million) of child deaths occurred in five countries: India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, and China [5]. Rotavirus disease burden globally and in India, Children < 5 years old are risked from rotavirus infectious. According to Rao, TS et al. Vaccine, 2014 1 in 260 children die and in all world 453.0000 deaths, 2, 5 million hospitalizations which means 1 in 58 children and 24 million outpatient visit 1 in 5 children. The situation in India: The risk is 1 in 256 die and a total of 99,000 deaths. 1 in 31-59 hospitalization and in total are 456,000- 884,000 deaths. 1 in 13 children outpatients visit and in total 12 million outpatients visit according to Rao, TS et al. Vaccine, 2014. Route of rotavirus infectious transmission- The transmission of rotavirus infectious is fecal-oral route, through close person to person contact and through fomites [6].
