Investigations on the cytotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles synthesized using Ferulic acid on human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells

Title : Investigations on the cytotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles synthesized using Ferulic acid on human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells

Abstract:

Nowadays, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are gaining wide attention in several areas including research and development and medical fields. Certain polyphenols have the property of converting the Au³⁺ solution into AuNPs at an appropriate pH and at the same time binding to them. One such polyphenol, ferulic acid, (fa) has been used to synthesize gold nanoparticles. Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is a polyphenol found in coffee, rice, fruits (citrus fruits, banana, and orange juice) vegetables (eggplant, bamboo shoots, beetroot, cabbage, spinach and broccoli) and beverages. It has been used in the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, skin diseases, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers.  In this study, stable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been formed by reacting ferulic acid with HAuCl₄ at room temperature. Ferulic acid also acts as the stabilizing agent. Optimal formation of fa-AuNPs was obtained when the pH of ferulic acid was 9.5 and MR for ferulic acid to HAuCl4 was 1:4. The synthesized fa-AuNPs have been characterized using UV- Visible spectroscopy, HR-TEM, DLS and FTIR analyses. The average size of fa-AuNPs was found to be 34.2 ± 1.3 nm as measured by DLS. fa-AuNPs were found to induce cytotoxicity to human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A431) in a concentration and time dependent manner. Further, the mode of cell death was via apoptosis, as evidenced through sub-G1 population. The loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was observed with increase in ROS levels and caspase -3 activity. From these results, it could be concluded that fa-AuNPs induced cell death of A431 cells via apoptosis through mitochondria dependent pathways. Hence, fa-AuNPs can be considered as a promising candidate for use in skin cancer treatment.

Audience take away:

• Will learn the techniques for the synthesis of  ferulic acid reduced gold nanoparticles
• Can try these nanoparticles in any other cancer cell lines and observe whether they have similar cytotoxic effect

Biography:

Lonchin Suguna has completed her Ph.D at 27 from the University of Madras. She did her postdoctoral studies at ETH-Zentrum,  Switzerland. She is working as a Scientist in the Department of Biochemistry, Central Leather Research Institute, India. She has published  60 papers in reputed journals and serving as a reviewer, Editorial board member for many journals. She was awarded Mr.V.V.Swaminathan Diamond Jubilee Research Endowment award for the outstanding contribution in the scientific evaluation of medicinal properties of plants, by Indian Association of Biomedical Scientists, 2012 (Gold Medal). She received Fellow of International Medical Sciences Academy (FIMSA) in the year 2014.