AI-guided spectroscopy and recombinant DNA technologies to discover the new lantibiotics and phytobiotics against multi-drug-resistant infections

Title : AI-guided spectroscopy and recombinant DNA technologies to discover the new lantibiotics and phytobiotics against multi-drug-resistant infections

Abstract:

MDR-bacteria causes sepsis and death in patients due to their power to inactivate antibiotics like ampicillin, cefotaxime, tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. The mdr genes (amp, blaCTX-M, blaNDM1, cat, aac2’/3’/6’, strAB, aad, aph, sul1/2/3) and drug-efflux genes (tetA. tetB, tetC, acrAB, acrCD, mexAB, macAB) were located in plasmids and chromosomes. Rifampicin and streptomycin resistant TB are a major problem in India due to rpoB, rrs, rpsL genes mutations and activation of MmpL5, MmpL7, Stp, JefA, drug efflux genes as well as penicillin resistance genes penA and ampH1. Still, we depend on newer 5th generation synthetic antibiotics like meropenem, moxifloxacin, amikacin and tigecycline. Research directed to make peptide antibiotics which known as lantibiotics like nisins, bacteriocins and salivaricins. Research also directed to discover newer phyto-chemicals to inhibit MDR-pathogens. Phytochemicals like artiminicin and quinine helped to eradicate chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infections or malaria. The CU1 polybromophenol-saponins from Cassia fistula bark ethanol extract was found potent antibiotic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase. Similarly, NU2 polyflurophosphate-glycosides from Suregada multiflora roots ethanol extract was found very inhibitory to XDR-bacteria targeting Escherichia coli DNA topoisomerase I. Recently, in vitro synthesis of many lantibiotics or cyclic peptide antibiotics were commissioned using computer-guided AI technologies and recombinant DNA technology. Our goal is to stop the spread of XDR-bacterial death which has predicted to be more as we will approach 2050.
Audience Take Away Notes:

•  The audience will learn genes that inactivate antibiotics
• The audience will know the new technologies like NMR, MASS, FTIR to find the structure of new antibiotics
• This research could help other faculty expand their research and teaching on new phyto-drug discovery from Asian medicinal plants
• The peptide antibiotic discovery will be discussed explaining new AI-technology and Recombinant DNA technology
• Multi-drug resistance is a central problem and the talk will help to gain newer concept of new drug discovery

Biography:

Dr. Asit Kumar Chakraborty was performed his PhD at CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata and awarded PhD degree in 1990 from Calcutta University. He did postdoctoral work at University of California at Berkeley and visiting scientist at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He was Associate Professor of Biochemistry at OIST, Department of Biochemistry Biotechnology, Vidyasagar University and now retired. He published 75 papers and one book.